Fiber optic patch cords, or jumpers, are essential cables for connecting optical devices like switches, routers, and transceivers. They feature a fiber optic cable terminated with connectors on both ends.
Key Components:
- Core: The ultra-thin glass center carrying the light signal.
- Cladding: Surrounds the core, reflecting light back into it.
- Buffer Coating: Protective plastic layer around the fiber.
- Connectors: Plugs (e.g., LC, SC, FC, ST) precisely aligned using a ceramic or metal ferrule for efficient light transfer.
Main Types:
- Simplex: One fiber, one connector per end.
- Duplex: Two fibers (Tx & Rx), two connectors per end, often clipped together.
- Single-Mode (SMF): Thin core (~9µm), carries one light mode for long distances (e.g., telecom, CATV). Typically yellow jacket.
- Multi-Mode (MMF): Wider core (~50µm or 62.5µm), carries multiple light modes for shorter links (e.g., LANs, data centers). Typically orange (OM1/OM2) or aqua (OM3/OM4/OM5) jacket.
Critical Factors:
- Connector Type: Must match equipment ports (LC is common for high density).
- Polish Type: (e.g., UPC, APC) affects reflection loss; APC (green) is key for RF video/PON.
- Length: Keep as short as practical to minimize signal loss.
- Cable Type: Choose SMF or MMF based on distance and equipment requirements.
Patch cords enable flexible, high-bandwidth connections in networks, data centers, and telecom infrastructure. Handle them carefully to avoid damaging the fragile fiber ends.